{"id":27896,"date":"2025-04-03T15:59:19","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T15:59:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crees.org.do\/?p=27896"},"modified":"2025-04-03T15:59:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T15:59:19","slug":"el-circulo-vicioso-fiscal-de-republica-dominicana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crees.org.do\/?p=27896","title":{"rendered":"El c\u00edrculo vicioso fiscal de Rep\u00fablica Dominicana"},"content":{"rendered":"

Autor: Miguel Collado Di Franco<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rep\u00fablica Dominicana se encuentra entrampada en un c\u00edrculo vicioso fiscal. Aumentan los ingresos fiscales por v\u00eda de reformas, de manera administrativa, por adelantos de recaudaciones, o por otras v\u00edas. La mayor carga para los hogares y las empresas afecta la capacidad de ahorro e inversi\u00f3n de los ciudadanos. Por ejemplo, un impuesto al consumo es un gravamen al ahorro, porque habr\u00e1 menos recursos para este fin. Un impuesto a la renta es un gravamen a las inversiones que pueden hacer las empresas para contratar m\u00e1s personas, aumentar sus l\u00edneas de producci\u00f3n, comprar m\u00e1s maquinarias y, en consecuencia, poder hacer m\u00e1s productivo a los trabajadores y pagarles mayores salarios.<\/p>\n

Ese sacrificio que realizan los ciudadanos no proporciona una garant\u00eda de que en un futuro no se volver\u00e1 a realizar un incremento impositivo v\u00eda mayores tasas o nuevos tributos. Tampoco garantiza que no deber\u00e1n amortizar mayor deuda p\u00fablica, la cual es sin\u00f3nimo de impuestos diferidos que deber\u00e1n ser pagados en a\u00f1os venideros por los mismos miembros de los hogares y las empresas.<\/p>\n

El gasto p\u00fablico, como decisi\u00f3n pol\u00edtica que es, no est\u00e1 limitado por los nuevos ingresos. Las nuevas recaudaciones no garantizan, aun sean producto del crecimiento natural de la econom\u00eda, una reducci\u00f3n en las necesidades de endeudamiento. En lugar de reducir el d\u00e9ficit y eliminar el endeudamiento, las autoridades tratan de maximizar los nuevos ingresos en forma de gasto.<\/p>\n

Esa es la forma de gestionar, de manera continua, los nuevos y mayores ingresos.<\/p>\n

Por v\u00eda de consecuencia, la deuda aumenta para cubrir los d\u00e9ficits, hace presi\u00f3n sobre las finanzas p\u00fablicas y se vuelve al inicio del ciclo de aumento de los ingresos.<\/p>\n

El problema de Rep\u00fablica Dominicana no se encuentra en la falta de ingresos. A pesar de los movimientos c\u00edclicos que han podido experimentar las recaudaciones, la tendencia es clara: los ingresos crecen, pero las decisiones pol\u00edticas priman sobre la administraci\u00f3n de esos recursos de los ciudadanos. En consecuencia, el c\u00edrculo vicioso se perpet\u00faa.<\/p>\n

\u00bfEs posible romper el c\u00edrculo vicioso? La experiencia de la d\u00e9cada de los a\u00f1os 1990 as\u00ed lo demostr\u00f3. En Rep\u00fablica Dominicana se hicieron varias transformaciones en ese sentido; entre ellas una reforma tributaria muy sensata. Sin embargo, el factor clave consisti\u00f3 en tener presente que la pr\u00e1ctica del endeudamiento p\u00fablico deb\u00eda ser la excepci\u00f3n. En esos a\u00f1os se lograron super\u00e1vits y la deuda pudo reducirse en un 28%.<\/p>\n

Rep\u00fablica Dominicana necesita una reforma tributaria pero por las razones adecuadas: para disminuir incentivos a la evasi\u00f3n, la elusi\u00f3n y la informalidad; y para permitir que predomine un clima de inversiones que aumente la productividad promedio en la econom\u00eda.<\/p>\n

En cuanto al gasto, las partidas importantes deben ser revisadas y adoptar una mejor gesti\u00f3n de los recursos. Si el gasto, y la dimensi\u00f3n del Estado, no son revisados, la historia seguir\u00eda repiti\u00e9ndose: Rep\u00fablica Dominicana continuar\u00eda con un r\u00e9gimen basado en la premisa de que los ingresos no son suficientes, y los agentes econ\u00f3micos pendientes a cu\u00e1ndo ser\u00e1n cambiadas las reglas del sistema tributario.<\/p>\n

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<\/div>\n

<\/path><\/svg><\/i> Vistas Totales 1,487 , Vistas Hoy 6 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Autor: Miguel Collado Di Franco Rep\u00fablica Dominicana se encuentra entrampada en un c\u00edrculo vicioso fiscal. Aumentan los ingresos fiscales por v\u00eda de reformas, de manera administrativa, por adelantos de recaudaciones, o por otras v\u00edas. La mayor carga para los hogares y las empresas afecta la capacidad de ahorro e inversi\u00f3n de los ciudadanos. Por ejemplo,…<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

<\/path><\/svg><\/i> Vistas Totales 1,487 , Vistas Hoy 6 <\/p>\n

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Aumentan los ingresos fiscales por v\u00eda de reformas, de manera administrativa, por adelantos de recaudaciones, o por otras v\u00edas. La mayor carga para los hogares y las empresas afecta la capacidad de ahorro e inversi\u00f3n de los ciudadanos. 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